k kroedel



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1, R. KROEDEL.

PHOTOGRAPHIC SHUTTER.

No. 574,435. Patented Jan. 5. 1897.

uhncsses, v 45,/

Wwwwui QNMJLMAAQK m: Noams pawns co` maremma. wAsmNn-rcu. n, c

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

R. KROEDEL. PHOTOGRAPHIG SHUTTBR.

No. 574,435. Patented Jan. 5,1897.A

MM) @YW o v WKMKM @m UNITED STATES PATENT OEEicE.

ROBERT KROEDEL, OF ROCHESTER, NEW' YORK, ASSIGNOR TO '.lllE EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

PHOTOGRAPHIC SHUTTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 574,435, dated January 5, 1897. .Application filed August 13, 1896. Serial No. 602.638. (No model.)

To all whom it vrtay/ concern: having a central aperturev corresponding to Be it known that I, ROBERT KROEDEL, of the lens-aperture in the rear plate l. Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State The shutter proper or light-intercepting of New York, have invented certain new and medium in the present construction is com- 55 5 useful Improvements in Ihotographic Shutposed of two wings or shutter members et and ters; andI do hereby declare the following to 5, the former pivoted on the screw 4X and be a full, clear, and exact description of the the latter on the screw 5X, said shutter memsame, reference being made to the accompanybers being connected by a curved bar or ing drawings, forming a part of this speeiticaplate 6, secured on opposite sides of the piv- 6o 1o tion, and to the reference-numerals marked etal centers and so arranged that they will be thereon. moved in opposite directions away from the My invention relates to shutters particulens-opening when an exposure is made and larly adapted for use on photographie cambrought together over the opening, slightly eras, and has for its object to improve their lapping7 as shown, to exclude the passage of 6" x5 construction and operation,whereby the shutlight. XVliile I prefer to use this type of shutter is opened and closed positively and the ter proper in connection with my improvevarious adjustments necessary for operating ments, as it enables the lens-aperture to be the shutter i'or time, instantaneous, and opened by a comparatively slight movement bulb exposures are readily aecon'lplished; and enables small shutter-wings to be em- 7o zo and it consists in certain improvements hereployed, Ido not desire to be confined to ashutinafter described, the novel features being ter of this type, as other forms can be used. pointed out in the claims at the end oi' this The meansfor causing the necessary movespecification. ment of the light-excluding medium or shut- In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is ter proper embodies a movable plate or mem- 75 25 a front view of the complete shutter, Fig. 2, ber 7, in the present arrangement adapted to a similar' view with the front plate removed, move in a curved path and held and guided showing the operating parts; Fig. 3, a secon the rear plate lby means otscrews S, passtional view on the line 3 3 of Fie'. 2; Fig. 4, a ing through curved slots 9, and it is moved in sectional view on the line 4- lof Fig. 55, lookone direction by means of a spring 10, con- 8o 3o ing toward the right and showing the parts nected to an adjustable plate 1l, detachably in the position they occupy in Fig. 2 in full and adjustably secured to the rim 2. The lines,looking from the rear; I `ig.5,aviewsimi plate ll is preferably formed of spring metal lar to Fig. 2, showing the shutter open i'or a and is provided with an arm 12, having an entime exposure; Fig. (i, a similar view with the largement or shoulder 13, adapt-ed to coper- 85 5 shutter set for instantaneous exposure; Fig. ate with the recesses 14 in the slot l5, formed 7, a similar view with the parts set for a bulb in the rim 2, or a suitable plate not forming exposure; Fig. S, a similar view with the shutpart of the casing, the construction being such ter held open during the bulb exposure; Fig. that while the tension of the spring ll, bearf), a sectional view on the line 9 9 of Fig. 2; ing on the inside of the rim, will hold the en- 9o 4o Fig. l0, an edge view of the case, showin the largement 13 in engagement with the recesses adjusting' device for the tension-spring; Fig. Il and thereby prevent the longitudinal l1, a sectional view on the line ll ll of Fig. movement of the plate said plate may be ad- 10; Fig. l2, a sectional view on the line I2 l2 justed and the tension of the spring varied by of Fig. l. pulling outward upon the knob l2, disengag- 9 5 45 Similar reference-numerals in the several ing the shoulder 13 and moving the plate e iigures indicate similar parts. around against the spring and then rengag- The casing of the shutter may be of any ing the shoulder with another recess, as shown suitable construction, but in the present inin Fig. l0. One of the shutter-wings, in the vention it embodies a back plate l, to which present instance the wing et, is provided with roo 5o is attached an annular casing or rim 2, covan extension-arm 16, having a pin 17 projectered by a front plate 23 (shown in Fig. l) and ing from its under side and arranged to coperate with the spring-latch 18 on the actuating member or plate 7, said spring normally pressin toward said projection, and when the plate 7 is moved to the left by means of its op erating-linob 7X, as shown in 't'ull lines `in Fig. (i, the projection 1f) on said spring will pass behind the pin 17, and when the plate 7 is permitted to move to the right the spring 10 will turn the shutter in position to open the lensopening. The member 7 is further provided with the shoulder or rib 20, arranged to coperate with a pin 21, l'ormed on the shutter member e on the opposite side of its pivot from the projection 17, and the spring 18 and shoulder 2O are so relatively arranged that after the movement of the member 7 to the right to throw the shutter open the operating projection 1) on the spring 1S passes beyond the path of the pin 17 and the projection 20 engages the pin 21 on the opposite side ot the cent er of rotation and forces the shutter closed again, the operation just described being shown jin'trtieularly in Figs. 2, 5, and t5. From this it will be seen that to set the shutter it is only necessary to move the member 71`rom the position shown in Fig. 0, Ytull lines, to the left, as in dotted lines, thus placing the spring lunder tension and engaging the spring-latch- 1B with thepin 17. Then by releasingtheparts (either the shutter or the movable member 7) the lirst halt movement et the member will throw the shutter open and disengage it from the actuating portion of the member, and the shutter may be held open by any desired means. The continued movement ot' the member 7, however, will cause the shutter to be closed by the engagement of the shutter 2f) and projection 2l.

lnthepresent embodiment et my invention I prefer to control the operation of the movable member 7 and the shutter by suitable engaging devices cooperating directly with a shutter member itself, although this construction is not essential to the operation ot' my device, and l therefore arrange upon the free end of the shutter member t a pin 25, preferably angular, as sho\\f'n,with which cooperates a catch 2G, pivoted upon a screw or stud 27 and operated in a direction to throw .its engaging end into the path ot` the pin 25 by means of a small spring (Shown particularly in 'Fig'..) rlhis catch 26 is also provided with a lug or extension 30, passing beneath a release member in the form of a lever or plate 3l), pivoted upon the stud Z7 and having its end projecting out through the easing and provided with an operative thumli-piece 3l, the construction being such that downward pressure upon the end ot' lever 23o will canse the release ofthe catch fromthe shuttermember, but when the lever resumes its normal position by reason et' the spring the catch 2G is free to yield and engage the projection on the shutter as the shutter member returns toits position over the lens-opening. The member 30, while preferably a lever, is not necessarily pivoted.

described will be suitable only for instantaneous exposures, as the motor device described, when properly set, would operate when the shut-ter was released by the movement olf the catch to open Athe lens-aperture and then close it; but in order that the shutter may be adapted for time exposures and also for making what are termed bulb exposures, (that is to say, those in which the shutter opened by pressure on the releasing-lever or corresponding part, is held open while this pressure is continued, and closed when it is releaseth) I provide two relatively movable projectionsI or catches operated by the oj'ierating lever or member and capable ot' manipulation to canse the desired operation.

255 indicates a catch in the t'orm el a curved arm pivoted at 3o' upon the lever ill), having a pointed end 537, the side tothe lel't l'orming a retaining-shelllder t'or the pin 25 on lthe shutter, said catch-arm being actuated in one direction by a spring 3S, secured to the lever SO at one end and operating upon a lug or projection 3f) at the other, said catch-arm 35 being further provided with a stop projection -l-O, eo'ojierating with the upper edge ot' the leverlt). Also mounted upon the pivotlt, and preferably arranged upon the rear side ot' the lever Si), is a catch in the torni oi' an arm Lt2, having a shoulder lil, adapted to be projected. in the path ot' the pin 25 on the shutter by means ot' a spring -.t1, secured to the lever Sil at one end and operating upon the projection Lt5 on the catch -1-2 at the other. An ear t6 on the catch-arm L12, engaging the under side of the lever Sti, limits the move ment of said catch-arm l2, and the extreme end is provided with a lng or ear 47, `Fig. S, with which the device i'or cmitrolling said catch cooperates. The catch 35 is also provided with a pin 41st, by means o1" which its position is controlled.

The device t'or varying the position and operation of the catches o5 and 41")y in the present instance consists of a plate :30, sliding on the under side ot the face-plate E5 ol the shuttter mechanism and manipulated by an arm or handle 51, projectingthrough a slot in said Atace-plate 3 and serving as an indexto cooperate with the indications, in the present instaiiceletters lh L and U Fig. i, indic-ating bulb, instantaneous, and time exposures, and this plate 5o is providet'i with a pro jeetion 52 at its lower end arranged to cooperate with the pin -11 and with a downwardlyturned shoulder or ear 5S `for cooperatingwith the end ft7 of the catch-arm rlhe plate 50 may be retained in its position of adjustment by making it ot spring metal and causing sufficient; i'riction between it and the plate to hold it in any position o't adjustment, or other devices maybe applied t'or the purpose.

The operation of this portion of my inven tion will now be readily understoml.

ICO

TIO

Vhen the plate 50 is in the position shown in Fig. 3 and its projections or shoulders are out ot' the paths described by the cooperating projections on the catches 35 and 42, the shutteris adapted for time exposures, so that when the motor mechanism is under tension the operator, by moving the lever 30 downward, causes the catch 26 to release the shutter, which iiies open, the pin 25 passing beneath the end 37 of the catch 35, and the tension of the motor then operating to close the shutter member brings said pin 25 into engagement with the rear of the projection 37,which retains the shutter until pressure on the thuinb-piece 3l is released,when the spring 32 will raise the lever 30, releasing the projection 25 from the end 37 and causing it to become engaged by the projecting` end 43 of t-he catch 42, thus retaining the shutter open, as shown in Fig. 5. XVhen the desired time has elapsed, a second pressure on the lever 30 will move the projection 43 ont of the path of the pin 25 and allow the motor to close the shutter.

Vhen it is desired to make an instantaneous exposure, the plate 50 is moved downward to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 6, the shoulder 52 being then in the path described by the pin 4l on the catch 35, so that when the lever 30 is pressed down the catch 2G will release the shutter, and the pin 25 on the shutter, moving through the arc indicated by the dotted line in Fig. 6, will not be arrested by the projection 37, but can move outward and inward freely, opening and shutting the lens-opening, as will be understood, the rapidity of the exposure depending on the tension of the motor-spring.

Vhen it is desired to make av bulb exposure, the plate 50 is moved down to its lowermost position,with the button 5l in proximity to the letter 13, (see Fig. 1,) the lug or ear 53 on said plate pressing` the arm 42 downward, so that the shoulder 43 will be out of the path of the projection 25 on the shutter, as shown particularly in Fig. 7. Then now the lever-arm 30 is moved downward, the shutter is released and liies open, the projection 25, enga-ging the beveled end 37 of the catch 35, passes under and becomes engaged with said end, as shown in Fig. 8, and the engaging end 43 of the catch 42, beingheld out of the path of the projection 25 on the shutter-wing, the shutter will be held open as long as pressure is maintained on the operating end 3l of the lever, and when released the shutter will be closed by its motor-spring. Vhile this is termed a bulb exposure, it is not absolutely necessary that it be made by the use of a pneumatic bulb or engine, but I prefer mounting upon the face-plate 3 a cylinder G0, having a piston 6l operating therein and adapted to engage the end 62 of the lever 63, pivoted on said face-plate and having a pin 64 passing through a slot and entering the slot 30 in the extension formed upon the lower side of the lever 30, this loose connect-ion permitting the operation of the p tion with the slotted and recessed casin r releasing-lever either by means of the bulb or by manipulation of the end 3l.

The shutter just described is quite simple, considering its capabilities, and the parts thereof are preferably made of sheet metal, so as to be readilystamped and formed in dies.

The feature of arresting the shutter member for time or bulb exposures just as it commences its closing movement is very desirable, because if it were arrested near the end of its opening movement the momentum would cause a jar to the camera and lens and prevent obtaining a sharply-defined image, but as the catch 35 engages the pin 25 before the shutter has any momentum to speak of there will be no objectionable jarring.

The form of the motor device employed operating the shutter member in opposite directions by a continuous movement in one direction relieves the camera from jar.

This sh utter can be used between the lenses or behind or in front of them, as desired.

As before stated, while I prefer to employ a two-part shutter it will be understood that this particular form of shutter is not essen tial to the operation of some of the parts of my invention, as other forms could be used without materially changing the operation; nor do I wish to be limited to the particular form of the progressively-movable member actuating the shutter in both directions. The particular form also of the various catch proj ections connected to and operated by the single part 30, which I have termed a i lever7 herein, could be greatly modified without departing from the spirit of my invention.

I claim as my invention-- l. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the shutter member pivoted at 4 and having the projections, as 17 and 2l, on opposite sides of the pivot, of the motor member 7 having projections thereon for engaging the projections 17 and 2l on the shutter member, and means for operating the motor member progressively in one direction, substantially as described.

2. In a photographic shutter, the combination with a pivoted shutter member, of a progressively movable motor member, a latch arranged between the motor member and the shutter member on onel side of Athe pivot of the latter, an d positively engaging projections between the motor member and the shutter member on the other side of its pivot, and retaining devices f or controlling the progressive movement of the m otor member, substantially as described.

3. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the pivoted shutter mem ber, having the projections on opposite sides of its pivot, of the progressively-movable motor member, having the spring-latch thereon engaging one projection and the shoulder engaging the other projection on the shutter member, substantially as described.

4. In a photographic shutter, the combinag, and

IOO

IIO

a shutter member operating therein, ol. a motor-spring for operating the shutter, the ad justable spring-plate to which it is connected, and the pin thereon passing through the slot in the casing having the head held in engagement with one ol. the recesses by the springplatc, substantially as described.

In a photographic shutter, the combination with the casing, the progressively-movable motor member, guided and movable upon the casing, and the spring-latch and the projection on said member, et the pivoted shutter member having the projections on opposite sides of its pivot, with which the latch and projection cooperate, and the adjustable spring for operating the motor member in one direction, substantially as described.

l5. In a photographic shutter, the combination with a movable shutter member, and devices for actuating said member in opposite directions at each exposure, of a movable rclease member and a catch carried thereby lor retaining the shutter closed and yielding in a direction to permit the closing of the shutter independently7 ofthe release member, substantially as described.

7. In a photographic shutter, the combinatien with a movable shutter and spring-motor devices for throwing it open and closed, of a release member, a spring-operated catch for engaging the shutter and holding it closed and operated in a direction to release the shutter by the movement of the release member, substantially as described.

S. In aphotographic shutter, the combination with a shutter member and spring-motor devices for throwing it open and closed, of a pivoted release-lever, a pivoted spring-operated eatch for engaging the shutter member and holding itclosed, and connections between -said catch and the lever, whereby it will be actuated by the movement of the release-lever lin one direction but is permitted to yield independently thereof to permit the closing of the shutter, substantially as described.

9. In a photographie shutter, the combination with a vibrating shutter member and motor devices forthrowing it open and closed, ot' a movable release member, a catch l'or retaining the shutter closed, movable independently of the release member but actin ated bythe latter to release the shutter, and controlling devices carried by the release member 'for regulating the closing el? the shutter member, substantially as described.

l0. In a photographicshutter, the colnbination with a vibratory shutter member, and motor devices for actuating it in both direc tions, ol a movable release member, a catch :lor retaining the shutter closed movable independently of the release member but actuated by said member to release the shutter, controlling devices for regulating the closing of the shutter actuated by the movable release member, and adjusting devices acting upon the controlling devices to set them and vary their operation upon the shutter, sul4 stantialljT as described.

lll. In a llhotographic shutter, the combination with a shutter member and motor devices lor opening and closingit, ol a catch for hohling the shutter closed, a movable release member actuating the catch to release the shutter, and two catches operated by the movement of Athe release member and controlling the movement ol' the shutter member, substantially as described.

l2. In a photographic shutter, the combination with a shutter member and motor devices tor opening and closing it, el a catch lorholding the shutter closed, and two catches l'or holding the shutter open and engaging it in succession when the motor devices tend to closeit, and means tor moving said lastmen tioned catches successively outot' engagement with the shutter, substantially as described.

13. In a photograjihic shutter, the combination with a shutter member and motor devices for opening and closing it, of a catchlorhelding the shutter closed, and two catches for holding the shutter open and engaging in suc cession when the motor devices tend to close it, a release member controlling said three catches and operating' to move said two catches successively out ol.' engagement with the shutter, slibstantially as described.

14. In a photographicshutter, thecelnbinzh tion with a shutter member and motor devices for opening and closing it, of a catch for holding the shutter closed and a pair el. catches for holding the shutter open" and engaging in succession, a spring l'or actuating the catch lirst engaging when the shutter ten ds toclose, and connections between the pair ol catches forreleasingtheminsuccession,substantially as described.

15. In a photographic shutter, the cembimition with ashutter member and moto r devices for opening and closing it, ol a catch .i'orholding the shutter closed and a pair of catches for holding the shutter open and engaging in succession, a spring' for actuating the catch ol the pair first engaging when the shutter tends to close, an adjusting device l'or hclding said catch out of operation, and connections for actuating the catches to release in succession, substantially as described.

1G. In a photographic shutter, the con'ibination with a shutter member and motor devices `for opening and closing it, of a catch Alor holding the shutter closed, a pair of catches for holding the shutter open and engaging in sufi cession, and adjusting devices tor holding one or both of the catches ot' the pair out et' engaging position, substantially as described.

17. In aphotographic shutter, the combi nation with a shutter member and motor d evices for actuatii'ig it, of a catch .I 'or holding the shutter closed, a pai r of catches tor holding the shutter open and engaging in succession, one ot' the catches ol said pair being spring-actu ated, a movable release member controlling said three catches, and adjnstiiig devices for llO holding` one of the catches of the pair out of engaging position, substantially as described.

18. In aphotographic shutter, the combination With a vibratory shutter member and motor devices for actuating it in opposite directions, a catch for retaining the shutter closed and a pair of catches for controlling its closing movement, one of the catches of the pair being adjustable out of engaging position, substantially as described.

19. In a photographic shutter, the combination With a vibra-tory shutter member and motor devices for actuating it in opposite directions, of a catch for retaining the shutter closed, a movable release member, a spring for actuating; it, a pair of catches mounted on the release member, a spring for actuating the catch of the pair iirst engaging the shutter when the motor tends to close it, adjusting devices for holding the said spring-actuated catch out of operative position and connections between the release member and the catch that holds the shutter closed, substantially as described. Y

20. In a photographic shutter, the combination With a vibratory shutter and motor devices for actuating it in opposite direct-ions, of the pivoted release-lever, a spring for operating it, a catch for holding the shutter closed and actuated by the release-lever, the two spring-actuated catches on the lever for controlling the shutter, and relatively stationary adjusting devices for controlling the position of the two catches on the lever, substantially as described.

2l. In a photographic sh utter, the combination with the vibratory shutter member and a projection thereon and motor devices for actuating the member in opposite directions, of the spring-actuated movable release member, the catch for engaging the projection on the shutter and actuated by the member, the pair of spring-actuated catches on the movable member projecting in opposite directions and arranged to engage the shutter projection in succession, and relatively stationary adjusting devices for holding one or both of the catches of the pair out of the path oli the shutter projection, substantially as described.

22. In aphotographic shutter, the combination with the vibratory shutter memberhaving the projection 25, and a motor device for actuating it in opposite directions, of the lever 30, the catch 2t' actuated thereby, the catches 35 and 4t2 pivoted on the lever and their actuating springs, and the movable plate 50 having projections engaging the catches 35 and 42, substantially as described.

23. In a photographic shutter, the combination With the casing having the aperture, the two shutter members pivoted on opposite sides of the aperture and connected for simultaneons operation in opposite directions, and

pneumatic cylinder on the casing and its piston engaging the lever 63 and the slot-andpin connection between the levers 30 and 63, substantially as described.

25. In a photographic shutter, the combination with a vibratory shutter member and motor devices for actuating it in both directions, of a movable release member, a catch for retaining the shutter closed, movable independently of the releasemember but actuated by said member to release the shutter, a pivoted spring-operated catch on the release member operating to hold the shutter open and moved into engaging position when the holding-catch is released bythe movable member, substantially as described.

26. Inaphotographic shutter, the combination with the shutter member, and a springmotor device engaging the shutter member on opposite sides of the pivot to move it in opposite directions at each exposure, of the pin at the free end of the shutter member, the catch engaging the pin to hold the shutter member closed, and the spring-operated catch engaging said pin to hold the shutter open after it has completed its opening movement an d at the beginning of its closing movement, substantially as described.

27. In a photographic shutter, the combination of a pivoted shutter member, a motor device for actuating it in opposite directions at each exposure, a catch for holding the shut` ter closed, and a spring-operated catch, automatically engaging the shutter after it has completed its opening movement and at the beginning of its closing movement, substantially as described.

28. In a photographic shutter, the combination of the pivoted shutter member, a motor device for actuating it in opposite directions at each exposure, a catch for holding the shutter closed, a movable release member arranged to release the said catch, and a springcatch for holding the shutter open, pivoted on the release member and moved by the release member into position to engage the shutter when the rst-mentioned catch is released, substantially as described.

ROBERT KROEDEL. lVitnesses:

F. F. CHURCH, M. IV. TUTTLE.

TIO 

